babel简介

原文:https://github.com/liushuigs/react-source-learning/blob/master/root/what-is-eslint.md

.babelrcbabel的配置文件,使用json5的语法。babel是用来将es6的js转成es5的工具。而json5是json格式的一种扩展,支持在json文件中写注释,使用尾部逗号,不需在key上加双引号等。例如:

{
    foo: 'bar',
    while: true,

    this: 'is a \
multi-line string',

    // this is an inline comment
    here: 'is another', // inline comment

    /* this is a block comment
       that continues on another line */

    hex: 0xDEADbeef,
    half: .5,
    delta: +10,
    to: Infinity,   // and beyond!

    finally: 'a trailing comma',
    oh: [
        "we shouldn't forget",
        'arrays can have',
        'trailing commas too',
    ],
}

.babelrc文件的查询顺序

  1. 查询当前目录下是否有.babelrc文件

  2. 查询package.json文件是否有"babel": {}这样的选项

.babelrc的详细参数,可以查看这里。咱只讨论一下react用的几个参数。

presets

presets是指一组babel插件。目前官方提供这些presets,

env
es2015
es2016
es2017
latest (deprecated in favor of env)
react
flow

可以看到,react preset是被官方支持的。当然,你也可以创建自己的presets。

ignore

igore中的third-party是指这个文件:src/__mocks__/vendor/third_party/WebComponents.js。但是react为什么会将WebComponents.js文件放到项目中呢?(TODO)

plugins

presets没有覆盖到的plugin,就需要写入plugins配置。react用到了很多plugins,我们大概看看都是用来干什么的?

  1. transform-class-properties 将es6的class属性转成es5属性

  2. syntax-trailing-function-commas 移除函数尾部的逗号

  3. transform-object-rest-spread

    let { x, y, ...z } = { x: 1, y: 2, a: 3, b: 4 };
    console.log(x); // 1
    console.log(y); // 2
    console.log(z); // { a: 3, b: 4 }
    let n = { x, y, ...z };
    console.log(n); // { x: 1, y: 2, a: 3, b: 4 }
  4. transform-es2015-template-literals 编译es6模板

    `foo${bar}`; =>     "foo" + bar;
  5. transform-es2015-literals

    var b = 0b11; // binary integer literal
    var o = 0o7; // octal integer literal
    const u = 'Hello\u{000A}\u{0009}!'; // unicode string literals, newline and tab
    var b = 3; // binary integer literal
    var o = 7; // octal integer literal
    const u = 'Hello\n\t!'; // unicode string literals, newline and tab
  6. transform-es2015-arrow-functions 编译箭头函数

  7. transform-es2015-block-scoped-functions

    if (x) {
        function fn() {
            // Do stuff
        }
        someObj.method = fn;
    }
    console.log(fn); // ReferenceError: fn is not defined
  8. transform-es2015-classes

  9. transform-es2015-object-super

  10. transform-es2015-shorthand-properties

    var o = { a, b, c };
    var o = { a: a, b: b, c: c };
  11. transform-es2015-computed-properties

    var obj = {
      ["x" + foo]: "heh",
      ["y" + bar]: "noo",
      foo: "foo",
      bar: "bar"
    };
  12. transform-es2015-for-of 关于for-of,可以查看更多

  13. check-es2015-constants 此plugin只是对const进行检查,如果要将const转成var,还需要和上面的transform-es2015-block-scoped-functions plugin配合使用。

  14. transform-es2015-spread In loose mode, all iterables are assumed to be arrays.(TODO know more about es6 iterables)

    var a = ['a', 'b', 'c'];
    var b = [...a, 'foo'];
    
    var c = { foo: 'bar', baz: 42 };
    var d = {...c, a: 2};
  15. transform-es2015-parameters

  16. transform-es2015-destructuring

  17. transform-es2015-block-scopingconstlet转成es5

  18. transform-es2015-modules-commonjs

    export default 42;
    Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
      value: true
    });
    
    exports.default = 42;
  19. transform-es3-member-expression-literals 在使用保留关键字作为属性名的时候,此plugin会给它加上双引号。

    foo.catch;
    foo["catch"];
  20. transform-es3-property-literals

  21. ./scripts/babel/transform-object-assign-require 使用Object.assign时自动require('object-assign')

  22. transform-react-jsx-source Adds source file and line number to JSX elements.

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